What is adhd?
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a brain condition that can cause problems with focus, concentration and behavior. It affects about three percent of children and teens, although it can also occur in adults. It’s usually inherited from one or both parents. Symptoms can be mild or severe.
The symptoms of ADHD must occur before a person turns 12 years old and must interfere with their ability to function in daily life. They must also occur in two or more settings, such as home and school.
Inattentive Type
Inattentive children have trouble paying attention to details or make careless mistakes in schoolwork and other tasks. They may talk incessantly, be very distracted and have trouble finishing projects or assignments.
They are also likely to be late to or miss class, school events, sports games and other activities.
Their inattentiveness often comes from a lack of self-control, but can be caused by a variety of other issues as well. They may have low self-esteem or feel depressed or anxious about their situation.
Hyperactive/impulsive Type
People with this type display more than six of the following nine symptoms, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5-TR). They must exhibit hyperactivity, which means they are very active and may run around or climb when not appropriate.
Impulsivity is when they act quickly without thinking it through first. They may interrupt others or do things they shouldn’t, such as using someone else’s clothes or playing with their toys without permission.
The most common type of treatment is medication, which can help improve attention and control hyperactivity and impulsivity. Medications are sometimes given in combination with other treatments, such as psychotherapy or education.
Medication works by affecting how the brain processes information, and is especially effective for people who have a high impulsivity and hyperactivity problem. It can also reduce the risk of substance abuse and other dangerous behaviors.
Taking medication can be scary for some people, but it’s important to talk about the side effects with your doctor. It’s also important to find out if other medications are available that are less likely to have these negative effects.
Non-stimulants
Some people with ADHD can take non-stimulants to help reduce their impulsivity and hyperactivity. They may need to try several different types of these medications before they find a combination that works for them.
They can also work in combination with other drugs, such as antidepressants or mood stabilizers. These may have fewer side effects or work more slowly than stimulants, so they may be more suitable for some people.
The most effective way to manage the symptoms of ADHD is a combination of medication and psychotherapy. Therapy can help a child and parent manage behaviors, think more clearly and learn new skills to better cope with the disorder. It can be helpful for individuals to have support in their community, such as a group therapy program or peer support group.
